The Use Of Instructional Materials In Teaching And Learning In Colleges

Instructional materials have been observed as a powerful strategy to bring about effective teaching and learning. The importance of quality and adequate instructional materials in teaching and learning can occur through their effective utilization during classroom teaching. Instructional materials here include all the tools that the teachers can use to make the learning more interesting and memorable. Despite all these roles of instructional materials, most teachers still teach in our schools without instructional materials, reasons being that they are not available or some concepts do not require instructional materials.

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However some conceived that instructional materials cannot be improvised and some reason that instructional materials are too difficult to manipulate or that instructional materials waste a lot of time in the classroom. This paper therefore examined the roles of instructional materials in the teaching and learning of basic science. The paper also looked at the effect of instructional materials in the teaching and learning of certain concepts in basic science.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

In an attempt to define the term instructional material, the two key words of instructional and media will be defined. However, it is pertinent to note that instructional material is otherwise known as instructional media. The term instruction is a deliberate arrangement of experience within the learning space, classroom, laboratory, workshop etc aimed at helping learners to achieve desirable changed in behaviour or performance. Media is used to think about television, satellite communication, computer and other sophisticated modern technologies. Now, Instructional Materials as the name suggests, are materials of visual, and audio — visual category that helps to make concepts abstracts and ideas concrete in the teaching/learning process. They are also materials which the teacher uses in supplementing his teachings. Instructional materials include materials used to facilitate learning for better results. Instructional material can be seen as any devices with instructional content or function that is used for teaching purposes including books, supplementary reading materials, audio visual and other sensory materials, script for audio and television instruction, programme for computer manage sets of materials for construction and manipulation. The use of instructional materials does not only encourage teachers and students to work collaboratively but also results in more cooperative learning activities among the students. When the students are given the chance to learn through more senses than one, they can learn faster and easier. The use of instructional material provides the teacher with interesting and compelling platforms for conveying information since they motivate learners to learn more. Instructional material are channel of communication through which information passes for usage in educational situation In conjunction with the instructor. Going through the description of instruction material, it would be observed that the understanding behind the use of instructional material is to aid learners in their learning

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Academic achievement is considered to be equal to academic performance, and the common measure of academic achievement of college students is GPA (credit point average), which can be accurately calculated from the marks of each course to measure students’ academic achievement. “Academic” means the result of school work. For example, test scores. When “achievement” is used as a noun, it refers to the results obtained in a career. Academic achievement is considered to include not only intelligence and practical ability, but also the mastery of knowledge of human society and nature, in addition to the examination of comprehensive learning ability, and responsibility consciousness. Academic achievement includes the emotional development of students in addition to their own cognitive and practical abilities. It is easy to see that there is a wealth of research on the concept of academic achievement in Nigeria and abroad, but the most commonly accepted one is that proposed by the National Leadership Council for Liberal Education and America’s Promise, which states that academic achievement of college students is not equal to the admission rate and the percentage of those who can earn a degree, but more important: whether students have acquired the essential knowledge and ability to face work and life

THE USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING IN COLLEGES

The use of instructional materials is an indispensable tool that enhances qualitative teaching and learning especially at the primary level. Instructional materials are used to facilitate comprehension of ideas in the learners as well as ensure long term retention of ideas and topics taught to pupils. The quality of instructional processes experienced by a learner determines quality of education. In their view they suggest that quality instructional materials create into the learner’s quality learning experience. The students’ performance is affected by the quality and quantity of teaching and learning resources.

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This implies that the schools that possess adequate teaching and learning materials such as textbooks, charts, pictures, real objects for students to see, hear and experiment with, stand a better chance of performing well in examination than poorly equipped ones. Instructional materials are highly important for teaching especially for inexperienced teachers. The teachers rely on instructional materials in every aspect of teaching. They need materials for background information on the subjects they are teaching. Young teachers find it difficult to express themselves when they enter the classroom. Therefore they need instructional materials to help them. Teachers often use instructional materials for lesson planning. These materials are also needed by teachers to assess the knowledge of their students. Teachers often assess students by assigning tasks, creating projects and administering. examinations. Instructional materials are essential for all these activities